Jamaica is participating in an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) project to pilot the use of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) as part of its Integrated Vector Management (IVM) programme. This initiative aims to control the vector responsible for Dengue, Zika and other arboviruses. SIT is a method of insect pest control that is environmentally friendly. It involves mass-rearing the target pest, sterilizing them using radiation, and then systematically releasing the sterile males across specific areas from the air. When these sterile males mate with wild females, no offspring are produced, leading to a decrease in the pest population.

Jamaica has focused on standardizing mass rearing procedures and conducting surveillance in both control and test areas. A small facility for mass rearing has been constructed to support the project, and the government has appointed an officer to oversee its implementation. The current significant step involves executing a communication plan to raise awareness about the project.

Resistance to new technologies is a significant barrier to their application. Public acceptance hinges on their knowledge and understanding of the project, the technology, and its benefits. Communities that could be exposed during field trials must be informed about the research, potential risks, and the broader context. Cultural, ethical, and social differences between populations may necessitate distinct strategies for effective community engagement.

The project is being spearheaded by the Ministry of Health& Wellness (MOHW) and technically supported by the International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences (ICENS) department at the University of the West Indies, Mona campus and the Scientific Research Council (SRC). The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) is also an implementing partner.